ObjektnummerM2016/011:005
BeskrivelseThis certificate is part of a group of seven documents donated by Judith Kaldor (nee Nemes). Judith was born in Budapest, Hungary in 1935, the only daughter to Mozes Nemes and Elizabeth Nemes, nee Deutsch. Mozes was forced to separate from his family in 1941 when he was conscripted into the Hungarian army. In 1942 he was transferred to forced labour on account of his being Jewish, and sent to a forced labour camp in Russia from 1944 until 1947.
On 9 March 1944, the Germans invaded Hungary and life for Hungarian Jews “came to an end”. Judith still describes 9 March as a day of mourning. The Nuremberg laws were immediately brought into effect and by the end of June, many properties had been confiscated. Judith lived in what was called a ‘Jewish House’, a place where many families were crammed together. In October, the Arrow Cross, Hungarian Nazi sympathisers, threatened to shoot all the inhabitants. They were only saved by an air-raid alarm.
Judith and her mother fled. After being in another place for three weeks they were taken to the ghetto. As they got there, Judith’s mother suggested that Judith ‘go to aunt Elizabeth’ and so Judith walked out of the ghetto. Her mother escaped by piling spare clothes under her dress to feign pregnancy, and convinced the guards she had to go to the hospital. She and Judith were reunited and they survived the war in hiding.
This document is thought to be a false temporary ID paper issued for Judith's mother Elizabeth under the false name Nemes Matyasne (Mozesne, being a Jewish sounding name, was unsuitable). Her false maiden name was Szabo, a common Hungarian name translating to Taylor. The name Elizabeth then fitted (also linked to the movie star name, well known then already). Dated 16 December 1944.
There had been no sign of life from Judith's father since late 1944, but in 1946 Judith’s mother learned that he was alive. The family would be reunited the following year. Judith completed her schooling, and went to university and studied to be a pharmacist. When the 1956 revolution opened the country, she and her boyfriend, Tamas (Tom) Kaldor, escaped Hungary on foot. Crossing into Austria, they were finally free. Judith and Tom married in Vienna in January 1957, and together they immigrated to Australia, arriving in August 1957.
On 9 March 1944, the Germans invaded Hungary and life for Hungarian Jews “came to an end”. Judith still describes 9 March as a day of mourning. The Nuremberg laws were immediately brought into effect and by the end of June, many properties had been confiscated. Judith lived in what was called a ‘Jewish House’, a place where many families were crammed together. In October, the Arrow Cross, Hungarian Nazi sympathisers, threatened to shoot all the inhabitants. They were only saved by an air-raid alarm.
Judith and her mother fled. After being in another place for three weeks they were taken to the ghetto. As they got there, Judith’s mother suggested that Judith ‘go to aunt Elizabeth’ and so Judith walked out of the ghetto. Her mother escaped by piling spare clothes under her dress to feign pregnancy, and convinced the guards she had to go to the hospital. She and Judith were reunited and they survived the war in hiding.
This document is thought to be a false temporary ID paper issued for Judith's mother Elizabeth under the false name Nemes Matyasne (Mozesne, being a Jewish sounding name, was unsuitable). Her false maiden name was Szabo, a common Hungarian name translating to Taylor. The name Elizabeth then fitted (also linked to the movie star name, well known then already). Dated 16 December 1944.
There had been no sign of life from Judith's father since late 1944, but in 1946 Judith’s mother learned that he was alive. The family would be reunited the following year. Judith completed her schooling, and went to university and studied to be a pharmacist. When the 1956 revolution opened the country, she and her boyfriend, Tamas (Tom) Kaldor, escaped Hungary on foot. Crossing into Austria, they were finally free. Judith and Tom married in Vienna in January 1957, and together they immigrated to Australia, arriving in August 1957.
Produktionsdato 1944-12-16 - 1944-12-16
EmneWWII
Objektnavncertificates
Materialepaper
Mål
- width: 207.00 mm
height: 145.00 mm
Sprog
- Hungarian
KreditrammeSydney Jewish Museum Collection, Donated by Judith Kaldor