During WWII, Jewish underground fighters who participated in French partisan organizations outnumbered those in specifically Jewish partisan organisations. The Zionist camp was small and insignificant. The concept of Zionism conflicted with loyalty to the French nation and was considered a humanitarian organisation for stateless Jews. Other reasons include, the absence of ghettos, the ability of large numbers to escape to the South of France and overseas, the success of the Jewish resistance in rescuing children in large numbers, the ongoing funding of the Jewish Resistance and the assistance of non Jews.