On Stember 29 and 30, 1941, on the western outskirts of Kiev, at the ravine of Babi Yar, the largest single shooting of Jews in the Soviet Union took place. In 1943 the Nazis supervised the burning of most of the bones of the murder victims and the dispersal of the ashes. This essay traces how and why the ashes and bones were dispersed and obliterated, largely because of intense antisemitism within the Communist Party of Soviet Ukraine