The essay addresses three sections of After Auschwitz. The first explains the basic theological problem the author was wrestling with and seeking to overcome, namely, classical Christian anti-Semitism and the idea of Jewish guilt which, for the Christian, is connected most specifically and acutely to the accusation of deicide. The second selection attempts to explain why Rubenstein hold fast to the importance of Judasism and Jewish community while also attempting to redefine the notion of God, now as Nothingness, as a consequence of the death camps. The third excerpt makes the interesting argument that even though Judaism no longer carries its historic and normative ontological content, it still provides valuable and much needed human meaning in a world otherwise devoid of meaning.